Debian on NSA325 V1/V2
Posted by Buttzy10169
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! March 21, 2019 08:52PM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
szucsati Wrote:
-------------------------------------------------------
> First of all, big thank you for all who
> contributed to this project. It's awesome to have
> Debian running on this old hardware.
>
> I have one question (or problem) though. I have
> the latest uBoot installed, should it boot the
> factory software if no rootfs partition is found?
> I was careless and managed to use flash_erase_all
> instead of flash_erase on mtd0, and of cours
> misplaced the memory stick where I saved the
> backup. Could this be why the original Zyxel
> system is not starting?
No, you can no longer boot stock OS with my new uboot (it is too modern for stock OS in this box). Even if stock OS is still intact on NAND.
This is something I have not found free time to work on. I think it is possible, though.
-bodhi
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-------------------------------------------------------
> First of all, big thank you for all who
> contributed to this project. It's awesome to have
> Debian running on this old hardware.
>
> I have one question (or problem) though. I have
> the latest uBoot installed, should it boot the
> factory software if no rootfs partition is found?
> I was careless and managed to use flash_erase_all
> instead of flash_erase on mtd0, and of cours
> misplaced the memory stick where I saved the
> backup. Could this be why the original Zyxel
> system is not starting?
No, you can no longer boot stock OS with my new uboot (it is too modern for stock OS in this box). Even if stock OS is still intact on NAND.
This is something I have not found free time to work on. I think it is possible, though.
-bodhi
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! March 22, 2019 01:51AM |
Registered: 5 years ago Posts: 6 |
Oh, it's good to know, I don't know why I thought it would. Is there a way to set it up though to fall back to NAND of there's no usb or sata device with rootfs? Or at least to manually configure it to boot from there should one would like to boot stock FW?
And how badly did I mess up the system by erasing the full partition?
And how badly did I mess up the system by erasing the full partition?
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! March 22, 2019 02:47AM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
szucsati,
> Oh, it's good to know, I don't know why I thought
> it would. Is there a way to set it up though to
> fall back to NAND of there's no usb or sata device
> with rootfs? Or at least to manually configure it
> to boot from there should one would like to boot
> stock FW?
As I said, not possible at the moment. Typically, stock OS is on NAND. The new u-boot won't boot it. When I do get around to work on it, without USB or HDD rootfs, it will fallback to boot either stock OS, or OpenWrt in NAND (but not Debian or Arch).
> And how badly did I mess up the system by erasing
> the full partition?
Pretty bad, stock OS in NAND is gone :) so your box will only boot with USB or HDD.
-bodhi
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> Oh, it's good to know, I don't know why I thought
> it would. Is there a way to set it up though to
> fall back to NAND of there's no usb or sata device
> with rootfs? Or at least to manually configure it
> to boot from there should one would like to boot
> stock FW?
As I said, not possible at the moment. Typically, stock OS is on NAND. The new u-boot won't boot it. When I do get around to work on it, without USB or HDD rootfs, it will fallback to boot either stock OS, or OpenWrt in NAND (but not Debian or Arch).
> And how badly did I mess up the system by erasing
> the full partition?
Pretty bad, stock OS in NAND is gone :) so your box will only boot with USB or HDD.
-bodhi
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! March 22, 2019 05:22PM |
Registered: 5 years ago Posts: 6 |
Well, I should try to find that memory stick then :). At some point I will want to sell this, and would be useful to have the chance to get back to the official (and outdated) software.
Isn't mtd0 only the uBoot partition? If I erased that, wouldn't I still have the OS?
The reason why I wanted to try the official FW was that I just bought this NAS second hand, and I jumped straight to Debian, before testing the speeds. Now I'm getting about 70MBps read and 40MBps write (on an SSD, just for testing). Some benchmarks on the internet showed 100/80, but I also read similar results to mine. So a bit confused there, and wanted to check it myself.
Btw, what you are doing here is absolutely amazing! The software and the guides you put together are excellent, it was totally my fault that I missed a few bits, there's a lot to understand for someone new, but it's all there, just needs reading. And extre thumbs up for your patience towards those who come here with questions!
Isn't mtd0 only the uBoot partition? If I erased that, wouldn't I still have the OS?
The reason why I wanted to try the official FW was that I just bought this NAS second hand, and I jumped straight to Debian, before testing the speeds. Now I'm getting about 70MBps read and 40MBps write (on an SSD, just for testing). Some benchmarks on the internet showed 100/80, but I also read similar results to mine. So a bit confused there, and wanted to check it myself.
Btw, what you are doing here is absolutely amazing! The software and the guides you put together are excellent, it was totally my fault that I missed a few bits, there's a lot to understand for someone new, but it's all there, just needs reading. And extre thumbs up for your patience towards those who come here with questions!
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! March 22, 2019 05:33PM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
szucsati,
> Well, I should try to find that memory stick then
> :). At some point I will want to sell this, and
> would be useful to have the chance to get back to
> the official (and outdated) software.
> Isn't mtd0 only the uBoot partition? If I erased
> that, wouldn't I still have the OS?
Yes, it you've erased mtd only, then stock OS is still intact on other mtds. So you only need to restore u-boot image on mtd0 to go back to full stock.
>
> The reason why I wanted to try the official FW was
> that I just bought this NAS second hand, and I
> jumped straight to Debian, before testing the
> speeds. Now I'm getting about 70MBps read and
> 40MBps write (on an SSD, just for testing). Some
> benchmarks on the internet showed 100/80, but I
> also read similar results to mine. So a bit
> confused there, and wanted to check it myself.
Yes, that would be expected. Since stock FW was tuned and tested (often in a way that we don't want to do, i.e. kludge) to maximize the performance (how they were able to sell the box). What I provided here is a basic rootfs and full kernel. I expect users to do the tuning themselves and share the hints here to benefit all.
So if you see the IO or network performance is less than stock FW, you should post the benchmarks, and let other jump in to share theirs. At the end, if nobody figures out the tuning parameters, then I'd try to investigate.
One more thing, a lot of time, it is just how you set up your Samba, NFS, network ... that results in less performance.
-bodhi
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Edited 1 time(s). Last edit at 03/22/2019 05:35PM by bodhi.
> Well, I should try to find that memory stick then
> :). At some point I will want to sell this, and
> would be useful to have the chance to get back to
> the official (and outdated) software.
> Isn't mtd0 only the uBoot partition? If I erased
> that, wouldn't I still have the OS?
Yes, it you've erased mtd only, then stock OS is still intact on other mtds. So you only need to restore u-boot image on mtd0 to go back to full stock.
>
> The reason why I wanted to try the official FW was
> that I just bought this NAS second hand, and I
> jumped straight to Debian, before testing the
> speeds. Now I'm getting about 70MBps read and
> 40MBps write (on an SSD, just for testing). Some
> benchmarks on the internet showed 100/80, but I
> also read similar results to mine. So a bit
> confused there, and wanted to check it myself.
Yes, that would be expected. Since stock FW was tuned and tested (often in a way that we don't want to do, i.e. kludge) to maximize the performance (how they were able to sell the box). What I provided here is a basic rootfs and full kernel. I expect users to do the tuning themselves and share the hints here to benefit all.
So if you see the IO or network performance is less than stock FW, you should post the benchmarks, and let other jump in to share theirs. At the end, if nobody figures out the tuning parameters, then I'd try to investigate.
One more thing, a lot of time, it is just how you set up your Samba, NFS, network ... that results in less performance.
-bodhi
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Edited 1 time(s). Last edit at 03/22/2019 05:35PM by bodhi.
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Markus Fuger
Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! May 10, 2019 01:49PM |
I am not absolutely sure whether this is the correct thread or if this:https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?2,12096 or https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?3,19093 this wouldn't be better.
My NSA325 is working properly with all the given guides.
I am having a flash drive with 2 partitions
/dev/sda1 ext4 with /boot/ dir and uImage and uInitrd
/dev/sda2 f2fs with the rest of the rootfs file system (and named rootfs)
I do understand the limitation that the USB3 port at the front is not available at boot time - but how would it be after loading the kernel?
I found this thread (https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?3,19093, https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?3,24212, and the boot section from here: https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?2,23630) - but since it is that old I am not sure if using the newer uBoot 2017.07 wouldn't be better.
Here is my question: is it possible to have one (slow) flash drive at the back USB2 for booting with the most basic thing - and then the remaining stuff on a faster drive connected to USB3 at the front. How would I need to set up this configuration?
With kind regards,
Markus
My NSA325 is working properly with all the given guides.
I am having a flash drive with 2 partitions
/dev/sda1 ext4 with /boot/ dir and uImage and uInitrd
/dev/sda2 f2fs with the rest of the rootfs file system (and named rootfs)
I do understand the limitation that the USB3 port at the front is not available at boot time - but how would it be after loading the kernel?
I found this thread (https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?3,19093, https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?3,24212, and the boot section from here: https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?2,23630) - but since it is that old I am not sure if using the newer uBoot 2017.07 wouldn't be better.
Here is my question: is it possible to have one (slow) flash drive at the back USB2 for booting with the most basic thing - and then the remaining stuff on a faster drive connected to USB3 at the front. How would I need to set up this configuration?
With kind regards,
Markus
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! May 10, 2019 05:04PM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
Markus,
> Here is my question: is it possible to have one
> (slow) flash drive at the back USB2 for booting
> with the most basic thing - and then the remaining
> stuff on a faster drive connected to USB3 at the
> front. How would I need to set up this
> configuration?
Yes, definitely. The USB 2 in the back is where you should have /boot. Since the goal here is to use a fast drive for rootfs, you can store the rootfs on the faster USB 3.0 drive in front.
The requirement is:
- The rootfs drive on USB 3 has single partition, and the partition label is rootfs.
- The latest uboot.2017.07-tld-1.nsa325.mtd0.kwb was installed.
- And the u-boot env for bootargs is unchanged from the u-boot installation. If it was changed, then you should make sure the boot device looks like
The kernel will mount the rootfs on the USB 3.0 drive correctly after it booted.
-bodhi
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> Here is my question: is it possible to have one
> (slow) flash drive at the back USB2 for booting
> with the most basic thing - and then the remaining
> stuff on a faster drive connected to USB3 at the
> front. How would I need to set up this
> configuration?
Yes, definitely. The USB 2 in the back is where you should have /boot. Since the goal here is to use a fast drive for rootfs, you can store the rootfs on the faster USB 3.0 drive in front.
The requirement is:
- The rootfs drive on USB 3 has single partition, and the partition label is rootfs.
- The latest uboot.2017.07-tld-1.nsa325.mtd0.kwb was installed.
- And the u-boot env for bootargs is unchanged from the u-boot installation. If it was changed, then you should make sure the boot device looks like
set_bootargs=setenv bootargs console=ttyS0,115200 root=LABEL=rootfs rootdelay=10 $mtdparts $custom_paramsroot=LABEL=rootfs is the important arg that tell the kernel where to mount the rootfs.
The kernel will mount the rootfs on the USB 3.0 drive correctly after it booted.
-bodhi
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Markus Fuger
Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! May 13, 2019 01:34PM |
Thanks bodhi!
it worked great! My initial mistake has been, that I just used the flash drive from the back in the front (which obviously had more partitions)
furthermore I found that f2fs seems to be to "unstable" to be used properly - therefore I am going to revert back to ext4 for the rootfs.
-Markus
it worked great! My initial mistake has been, that I just used the flash drive from the back in the front (which obviously had more partitions)
furthermore I found that f2fs seems to be to "unstable" to be used properly - therefore I am going to revert back to ext4 for the rootfs.
-Markus
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! May 13, 2019 05:50PM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
Markus,
> it worked great! My initial mistake has been, that
> I just used the flash drive from the back in the
> front (which obviously had more partitions)
Cool!
> furthermore I found that f2fs seems to be to
> "unstable" to be used properly - therefore I am
> going to revert back to ext4 for the rootfs.
>
I think it is OK when you put the f2fs rootfs explicitly in fstab. IIRC, to rely on initrd to mount f2fs is not quite stable (we would need to tweak the initscript).
-bodhi
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Edited 1 time(s). Last edit at 05/13/2019 07:17PM by bodhi.
> it worked great! My initial mistake has been, that
> I just used the flash drive from the back in the
> front (which obviously had more partitions)
Cool!
> furthermore I found that f2fs seems to be to
> "unstable" to be used properly - therefore I am
> going to revert back to ext4 for the rootfs.
>
I think it is OK when you put the f2fs rootfs explicitly in fstab. IIRC, to rely on initrd to mount f2fs is not quite stable (we would need to tweak the initscript).
-bodhi
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Edited 1 time(s). Last edit at 05/13/2019 07:17PM by bodhi.
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! August 12, 2019 09:21AM |
Registered: 4 years ago Posts: 20 |
I would like to make use of the copy button to run a simple bash copy command. Tried the script from the first post but didnt work. Does anyone have any other solution?
Also, i would take the opportunity to again thank bodhi so much for helping me out with the installation process. You should know that taking your time as you do here really makes people happy and bring some lights to the world. :-)
Also, i would take the opportunity to again thank bodhi so much for helping me out with the installation process. You should know that taking your time as you do here really makes people happy and bring some lights to the world. :-)
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! August 12, 2019 02:14PM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
Hi fgh,
> I would like to make use of the copy button to run
> a simple bash copy command. Tried the script from
> the first post but didnt work. Does anyone have
> any other solution?
We use the esekeyd on these boxes.
It is listed in the Wiki thread
> Also, i would take the opportunity to again thank
> bodhi so much for helping me out with the
> installation process. You should know that taking
> your time as you do here really makes people happy
> and bring some lights to the world. :-)
My pleasure :)
-bodhi
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> I would like to make use of the copy button to run
> a simple bash copy command. Tried the script from
> the first post but didnt work. Does anyone have
> any other solution?
We use the esekeyd on these boxes.
It is listed in the Wiki thread
Quote
Key daemon (button control)
Multimedia keyboard daemon for Linux
> Also, i would take the opportunity to again thank
> bodhi so much for helping me out with the
> installation process. You should know that taking
> your time as you do here really makes people happy
> and bring some lights to the world. :-)
My pleasure :)
-bodhi
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Leviathan01x
Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! September 19, 2019 01:48PM |
First of all, thank you for this thread!
It is awesome to run Debian on my aging NSA-325v2, being able to play with it however I want.
However, I am seeing very slow write speeds.
I have the following setup:
I am only running:
Speeds are very low, I've seen 6-12mbs, while I used to see 30-40mbs over my gigabyte wired network with the stock firmware.
I did disable journaling.
It's not a real problem, I love the freedom I have, so I can live with the decreased write speeds, but I was wondering if maybe I'm doing something obviously wrong that's causing this.
Let me know if I need to supply more info.
It is awesome to run Debian on my aging NSA-325v2, being able to play with it however I want.
However, I am seeing very slow write speeds.
I have the following setup:
- SSD 120Gb (an older Samsung one I had around) connected to a back USB2.0 port, this has only one ext3 partition
- WD Green 2tb - one ext4 partition
- Seagate 4tb - one ext4 partition
I am only running:
- miniDLNA
- Transmission
- samba
- all on top of mergerfs folders
Speeds are very low, I've seen 6-12mbs, while I used to see 30-40mbs over my gigabyte wired network with the stock firmware.
I did disable journaling.
It's not a real problem, I love the freedom I have, so I can live with the decreased write speeds, but I was wondering if maybe I'm doing something obviously wrong that's causing this.
Let me know if I need to supply more info.
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! September 19, 2019 02:12PM |
Registered: 5 years ago Posts: 6 |
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! September 19, 2019 06:21PM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
All,
You will need to look at how you have tuned (or lack of) NFS and Samba.
The network speed iselft is not a problem. It should get you about 700 or 800 Mbs on a Gigabits network.
-bodhi
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You will need to look at how you have tuned (or lack of) NFS and Samba.
The network speed iselft is not a problem. It should get you about 700 or 800 Mbs on a Gigabits network.
-bodhi
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! September 20, 2019 02:25AM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
Wiki thread
Samba tuning
-bodhi
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Samba tuning
Quote
Samba
Samba smb.conf for a simple set up
HowTo setup Samba/CIFS shares
-bodhi
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! September 20, 2019 02:36AM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
Wiki Thread
-bodhi
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Quote
NFS
NFS - HowTo set up NFS shares (and boot NFS rootfs)
Boot your Dockstar (and other plugs) using NFS rootfs
Increase NFSD max_block_size
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Re: NSA 325 V2 Debian Is Possible! September 20, 2019 02:46AM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
Pure network benchmarks for NSA325 and GoFlex Net.
Both are connected to a Gbits ethernet switch.
ZyXEL NSA325
iperf -n2000M -i 3 -c 192.168.0.234
GoFlex Net
iperf -s -i 3
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Both are connected to a Gbits ethernet switch.
ZyXEL NSA325
iperf -n2000M -i 3 -c 192.168.0.234
------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 192.168.0.234, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 43.8 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 3] local 192.168.0.227 port 35812 connected with 192.168.0.234 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0- 3.0 sec 282 MBytes 789 Mbits/sec [ 3] 3.0- 6.0 sec 281 MBytes 786 Mbits/sec [ 3] 6.0- 9.0 sec 282 MBytes 790 Mbits/sec [ 3] 9.0-12.0 sec 282 MBytes 789 Mbits/sec [ 3] 12.0-15.0 sec 282 MBytes 789 Mbits/sec [ 3] 15.0-18.0 sec 282 MBytes 788 Mbits/sec [ 3] 18.0-21.0 sec 282 MBytes 789 Mbits/sec [ 3] 0.0-21.3 sec 1.95 GBytes 788 Mbits/sec
GoFlex Net
iperf -s -i 3
------------------------------------------------------------ Server listening on TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 128 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 4] local 192.168.0.234 port 5001 connected with 192.168.0.227 port 35812 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 4] 0.0- 3.0 sec 281 MBytes 787 Mbits/sec [ 4] 3.0- 6.0 sec 281 MBytes 787 Mbits/sec [ 4] 6.0- 9.0 sec 282 MBytes 789 Mbits/sec [ 4] 9.0-12.0 sec 282 MBytes 789 Mbits/sec [ 4] 12.0-15.0 sec 282 MBytes 789 Mbits/sec [ 4] 15.0-18.0 sec 282 MBytes 789 Mbits/sec [ 4] 18.0-21.0 sec 282 MBytes 789 Mbits/sec [ 4] 0.0-21.3 sec 1.95 GBytes 788 Mbits/sec
-bodhi
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Edited 1 time(s). Last edit at 09/20/2019 02:47AM by bodhi.
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Re: Debian on NSA325 V1/V2 October 05, 2019 05:24PM |
Registered: 5 years ago Posts: 6 |
Found the box :). Although one HDD tray is missing, hmf...
Anyway. Did a clean install with the latest Debian, and still getting the same network speed. No tuning has been done, SMB Read: ~36MBps, SMB Write ~33MBps
And I tested copying a file internally, different folder on the same SSD (pv -pra test.iso > test/test.iso), it was ~48MBps.
Could this be a bottleneck at the SATA interface?
Anyway. Did a clean install with the latest Debian, and still getting the same network speed. No tuning has been done, SMB Read: ~36MBps, SMB Write ~33MBps
And I tested copying a file internally, different folder on the same SSD (pv -pra test.iso > test/test.iso), it was ~48MBps.
Could this be a bottleneck at the SATA interface?
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Re: Debian on NSA325 V1/V2 October 05, 2019 07:37PM |
Admin Registered: 13 years ago Posts: 18,548 |
Run hdparm test.
This is an HDD I use for daily backup. With SSD you should get a faster disk I/Os.
hdparm -tT /dev/sda
-bodhi
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This is an HDD I use for daily backup. With SSD you should get a faster disk I/Os.
[ 8.522803] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl F300) [ 8.536972] ata1.00: ATA-9: ST4000DM000-1F2168, CC54, max UDMA/133 [ 8.552005] ata1.00: 7814037168 sectors, multi 0: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32) [ 8.576862] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133 [ 8.592366] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA ST4000DM000-1F21 CC54 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
hdparm -tT /dev/sda
/dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 592 MB in 2.00 seconds = 295.81 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 364 MB in 3.02 seconds = 120.72 MB/sec
-bodhi
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Re: Debian on NSA325 V1/V2 October 06, 2019 01:54AM |
Registered: 5 years ago Posts: 6 |
Hm... similar.
root@nsa325:~# hdparm -tT /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1:
Timing cached reads: 600 MB in 2.00 seconds = 299.75 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 360 MB in 3.00 seconds = 119.91 MB/sec
[ 15.162763] ata2: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl F300)
[ 15.192936] ata2.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible
[ 15.203654] ata2.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible
[ 15.211934] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
[ 26.823080] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
I need more time for testing. It's such a shame that I messed up the stock fw on the system and can't go back for comparison. Is there a way to fully re-flash factory image when I wiped partitions I shouldn't have and didn't make a backup...?
root@nsa325:~# hdparm -tT /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1:
Timing cached reads: 600 MB in 2.00 seconds = 299.75 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 360 MB in 3.00 seconds = 119.91 MB/sec
[ 15.162763] ata2: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl F300)
[ 15.192936] ata2.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible
[ 15.203654] ata2.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible
[ 15.211934] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
[ 26.823080] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
I need more time for testing. It's such a shame that I messed up the stock fw on the system and can't go back for comparison. Is there a way to fully re-flash factory image when I wiped partitions I shouldn't have and didn't make a backup...?
